In construction machinery (such as excavators, loaders, bulldozers, cranes, and graders), the fuel injector is a critical component of the fuel system in both diesel and gasoline engines. Its primary purposes and functions are outlined below.
I. Basic Purpose of the Fuel Injector
Core Function:
The fuel injector precisely sprays fuel under high pressure into the engine’s combustion chamber (or intake manifold), atomizing it into fine particles. This ensures thorough mixing of fuel and air, resulting in efficient, stable combustion.
II. Main Functions in Construction Machinery
|
Function |
Description |
| 1. Controlling Fuel Supply | The injector precisely regulates the amount of fuel injected, under the control of the ECU (Electronic Control Unit), to match engine load, speed, and operating conditions. |
| 2. Enhancing Combustion Efficiency | Atomized injection promotes thorough mixing of fuel and air, leading to more complete combustion and improved thermal efficiency. |
| 3. Reducing Fuel Consumption | Accurate injection minimizes fuel waste, allowing construction machinery to maintain fuel efficiency even under prolonged high-load operation. |
| 4. Lowering Emissions | Optimized combustion reduces emissions of unburned hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (PM). |
| 5. Improving Engine Response | Rapid adjustment of injection timing and volume ensures smooth power delivery and quick engine response during load changes. |
III. Installation Locations and System Configuration
Typical Installation:
Diesel Engines: Mounted on the cylinder head, injecting fuel directly into the combustion chamber (direct injection system).
Gasoline Engines (less common in construction machinery): Mounted in the intake manifold or directly in the combustion chamber (multi-point or direct injection).
Typical Components of the Fuel Injection System:
Fuel Tank
Fuel Pump
Fuel Rail
Fuel Injector
ECU (Electronic Control Unit)
IV. Application Examples
Excavators (Diesel Engine): One injector per cylinder in a high-pressure common rail system.
Loaders: Precision injection during high-load operation ensures optimal torque output.
Bulldozers: Maintains stable fuel delivery under low-speed, high-torque conditions.
Post time: Oct-21-2025
